The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the area of the lower jaw that moves when opening our mouths, closing our mouths, moving our jaw from side to side, and chewing.
When any of the joint, associated cartilage disc, ligaments, or muscles are damaged or do not work correctly, it is considered a TMJ disorder. Common signs and symptoms of these disorders are pain at those joints, ears, or face, headaches, or clicking. More severe cases can also result in locking of the joint so that the jaw is stuck open or closed. This often involves the jaw’s disc getting stuck or muscle spasms and may require treatment by a dentist or doctor.
Occasionally, symptoms can clear up on their own, but if not, your dentist or doctor may suggest some of the following treatments to manage the symptoms.
Medications: Over-the-counter medications can help to mitigate pain and swelling. Prescription medications may be suggested for you for a short time, if needed. Muscle relaxers might also be used for pain relief and to prevent muscle spasms.
Therapies: The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) offers a step-by-step plan that follows a “less is often best” approach. It includes: eating soft foods, avoiding chewing gum or biting your nails, modifying the pain with heat and/or ice packs, and practicing relaxation techniques to control jaw tension, which includes meditation or biofeedback. These are simple remedies that you can perform at home. Your dentist might also recommend physical therapy with a professional to help you with specific exercises to strengthen your jaw muscles and increase flexibility. If you clench or grind your teeth, a type of night guard or mouth guard may be recommended.
Surgeries and procedures: If TMJ pain cannot be alleviated through the methods above, procedures such as draining fluid in the joint or injections to the joint may be needed. In more serious cases, surgery may be recommended. The type of surgery depends on the severity of the TMJ disorder. Arthroscopic surgery places a small tube into the joint. Surgery can also be performed on the mandible (jawbone) instead of the TMJ joint itself, which can bring relief. The most serious surgery with the most risks is open-joint surgery, where the joint will be repaired or replaced. This surgery is typically only used in the most extreme cases after thorough consultation and evaluation of the risks and benefits by both the dentist or doctor and the patient.
By implementing one or more of these solutions, you and your healthcare team should be able to manage and eventually alleviate your TMJ disorder symptoms. If you notice any issues in your mouth or jaw, consult your dentist or physician before symptoms develop or worsen.
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This information in this post is for general educational purposes only and does not warrant or represent any information as related to health as specifically appropriate for you. It is not intended to be medical advice or replace the relationship that you have with your health care providers. You should always seek medical advice on any diagnosis or treatment from a qualified health care provider. The information is provided “as is” without any representations or warranties, express or implied.
